These bioactives may directly scavenge the free radicals in blood and attenuate the oxidative stress. In addition to the direct interaction with free radicals, more and more scientific evidence has suggested that phytochemicals, usually low at concentration in vivo, may operate by several mechanisms, such as elevation of the levels of endogenous antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase, interaction with in vivo metabolites, resulting in synergistic effect, or activation of the nrf2 pathway Stevenson and Hurst ; Finley et al.
Plasma ORAC levels of mangosteen and placebo groups after intervention. TE stands for Trolox equivalents. P value is calculated from comparing the means of groups using student's t test. Inflammation is linked with infections, diabetes, cancers, and cardiovascular diseases Ridker et al.
While inflammation is an intricate network of reactions, the level of C-reactive protein CRP is considered one of the measures to provide an overall estimate of inflammatory status.
Even within the normal range, CRP in blood has served as an indicator for risks of chronic diseases Ridker et al. The cohort study has suggested a lower level of CRP is associated with lower risk of colon cancer Goyal et al. CRP levels between the treatment and placebo group were not statistically significant on day 1.
CRP level in the mangosteen group was decreased significantly from 2. The decrease in CPR level found in this study is consistent with a previous in vivo study in which Udani et al. The stronger effect seen in the current study might result from the dosage and synergistic effect of mangosteen, green tea, aloe vera, and vitamins.
The significant decrease in CRP suggests that daily consumption of the mangosteen product might be able to lower the inflammatory status of healthy adults. Plasma C-reactive protein concentrations of mangosteen and placebo groups before and after intervention.
The immunity markers were also evaluated in this study. Immunoglobulins Igs are antibodies to identify and neutralize antigens such as bacteria and viruses in the immune system. IgA in the mangosteen group had an average level of 1. Similarly, no statistical difference was observed in IgG and IgM after 30 days' beverage consumptions. The range for IgG of mangosteen group was The average level for IgM of both groups after intervention was 1.
All antibodies tested were within the normal range, suggesting that the participants maintained a healthy state. Increased levels of Complement 3 C3 and C4 may be one of the signs for inflammation. C3 and C4 levels in pre and postintervention were within the normal range. No significant difference was seen in immunoglobulin and complement proteins between different groups and between before and after the day period, which indicates there is no adverse effect toward the immunity system after a day consumption of mangosteen-rich beverage.
Interleukin-1 IL-1 and IL-2 are two classes of cytokines activated by pathogenic infections. A wide range of botanicals were reported to have immunomodulatory effects Tan and Vanitha Mangosteen-rich beverage overall did not change these markers. Immunomodulatory effects were not found in this study. On the other hand, these data implied no infections or severe inflammation was seen in subjects and mangosteen product did not exhibit significant effects on the Igs, complement proteins, and interleukins.
Creatinine is a waste compound generated from muscle metabolism of creatine phosphate. It is excreted unchanged by the kidney in human beings. The level of creatinine may be an indicator for overall renal health. No significant difference was observed between data from pre and postintervention.
It suggests there is no adverse effect on kidneys after consumption of the mangosteen product. Creatinine concentration of mangosteen group before and after intervention. Alanine transaminase and AST are two enzymes normally found in the liver that are responsible for conversion of amino acids into glucose. In the current study, ALT and AST levels of mangosteen group before and after 30 days of intervention are not significantly different Fig.
The data suggest that no adverse effect was seen in hepatic function after intervention with the mangosteen product. In summary, for the first time, we demonstrated that day ingestion of a mangosteen-rich energy drink increased the antioxidant capacity in human blood. The significant decrease in CRP level suggests a reduced risk of inflammation and related chronic diseases. Our results suggest that the mangosteen-rich energy drink is an excellent source to maintain balanced antioxidant status and can be part of the diet possibly against inflammation and chronic diseases.
Further studies should explore the mechanisms on the in vivo antioxidant interactions with metabolites and the mediation of inflammation pathways.
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Mangosteen fruit contains strong antibacterial and antifungal properties besides being highly effective in boosting weak immune systems. Its inhibitory action against harmful bacteria is useful for patients suffering from tuberculosis. The antioxidants found in mangosteen help to prevent cancer and other cardiovascular diseases. Mangosteen also contains high amounts of minerals like copper, manganese, and magnesium.
Potassium protects against strokes and coronary heart diseases as it is an essential component of cell and body fluids and controls heart rate and blood pressure.
Mangosteen contains anti-inflammatory properties which are highly beneficial for people who suffer from sciatica pains which cannot be controlled by drug treatment. Consuming mangosteen two to three times a day will help to relieve pain through its anti-inflammatory and cox-2 inhibitor effects. This disease is accompanied by symptoms like confusion and perplexity and difficulty in remembering things. Mangosteen has natural antibacterial properties and antimicrobial compounds, which are highly effective in treating many common skin problems.
The consumption of mangosteen can cure Acne, skin blemishes, oily skin, and dry skin. These can cure skin diseases, repair the damaged cells in your body and protect them. Intake of mangosteen is a widely used orthodox method for losing weight.
Mangosteen helps in the prevention of weight gain, by burning down fat. Xanthones included in the mangosteen peel help to aid weight loss. Mangosteen acts as a weapon to fight against the gum disease known as periodontitis. The gel of mangosteen helps to cure gum problems. Mangosteen can be very useful in reducing premenstrual symptoms like dizziness, mood swings, hypertension , etc.
In Malaysia, a mangosteen root decoction is consumed to regulate menstruation. In the state of Philippines, the mangosteen is widely cultivated. They use its leaves and barks for treating diarrhea, dysentery, treat thrush and urinary disorders. Aging comes about due to oxidation. Mangosteen is filled with antioxidants such as catechin the antioxidant found in green tea. This helps in fighting free radicals. Hence, start consuming mangosteen to look younger forever. This fruit can help you feel refreshed and energized all day long.
Mangosteen juice is all the rage , as are the much-touted health benefits of the fruit stem. A special type of antioxidant is found within this fruit , and especially in its rind. Recommended in multiple studies - including a study from the University of Illinois - xanthones are a focus for cancer treatment and prevention Dr.
Xanthones also protect against heart attacks and bolster the immune system. For the skin, the mangosteen has traditionally been used for a number of conditions , including eczema.
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