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How is actinic keratosis diagnosed? How is it treated? Your doctor may recommend one of these treatments: Freezing the skin growth with liquid nitrogen cryosurgery to destroy it. Cryosurgery also called cryotherapy can cause mild pain that can last up to 3 days. Healing typically takes 7 to 14 days. And there is little or no scarring, though some people with darker skin have permanent skin color lightening. This procedure can be done in your doctor's office.
Scraping and using electric current curettage and electrosurgery. The skin is numbed, and the growth is scraped off using a spoon-shaped instrument curette. After scraping, electrosurgery may be done to control bleeding and destroy any remaining abnormal cells. Curettage is a quick treatment, but it can cause scarring.
Sometimes a thick scar, or keloid, develops after curettage treatment. A keloid can be itchy or grow larger over time but it doesn't require medical treatment. Shaving the growth with a surgical blade shave excision. This is done to remove the growth and check the cells for basal or squamous cell carcinoma. There may be some scarring and changes in the color pigment of your skin.
Peeling the skin with chemicals chemical peel. This is done so new skin can grow and replace damaged skin. A doctor or dermatologist is likely to be able to diagnose actinic keratosis with a simple visual examination.
If in any doubt, a skin biopsy may be done where a small sample of the affected skin is examined in a lab. The main methods of prevention of actinic keratosis are through lifestyle changes and a person being aware of their exposure to UV rays.
A person should take proper precautions when outside, such as wearing hats, loose-fitting clothes that cover most areas of the body, and sunscreen. It is important to remember that this condition may occur from any source of UV light, including indoor tanning beds. While some cases of actinic keratosis may resolve naturally on their own, a person is highly recommended to seek medical treatments. Action is needed, as the condition is considered to be precancerous.
There are several different potential treatment options, which may include a combination of the following:. Treatment for more advanced or widespread cases of actinic keratosis includes medication in the form of various creams and gels.
Some medicated creams include:. These creams and gels are applied directly to affected areas of the skin. They may produce side effects in some people who may experience rashes, redness, and swelling at the site of application. In cases where a person only has a few spots or patches, a doctor may recommend removing the affected area through minor surgery. Two of the more common surgery options are curettage and cryotherapy.
Scraping, which is referred to as curettage, involves a device called a curette, to scrape off the damaged skin cells. In some cases, electrosurgery is used immediately after scraping.
Electrosurgery involves a doctor using a pen-shaped instrument, to destroy and cut away the affected tissue with an electric current. Both procedures require a local anesthetic. Some people experience side effects, including scarring, discoloration, and infection. Actinic keratosis develops slowly. It most likely appears on areas of skin often exposed to the sun. These can include the face, ears, bald scalp, neck, backs of hands and forearms, and lips.
It tends to lie flat against the skin of the head and neck, but appears as a bump on arms and hands. The base of an actinic keratosis may be light or dark, tan, pink, red, or a combination of these.
Or it may be the same color as the skin. The scale or crust may be horny, dry, and rough. In some cases, it may itch or have a prickly or sore feeling.
Often, a person will have more than one actinic keratosis lesion. Actinic keratoses that develop on the lip are called actinic cheilitis. Healthcare providers can often diagnose an actinic keratosis by looking at and feeling the area on your skin.
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