Alcohol in varying forms was being developed at different sites around the world during a similar time period. In India there was a rice drink between 3, and 2, BC. In Greece they created a drink known as mead from honey and water. Some of the main Greek philosophers mention alcohol, Hippocrates identified the many medicinal properties of wine and its therapeutic application, Plato was supportive of promoting the moderate consumption of alcohol but both Plato and Aristotle were unfavourable towards drunkenness.
Babylonian history indicates that they were worshipping a goddess of wine around 2, BC. The Romans eventually favoured wine over beer.
The wine was watered down but it was required in such vast quantities that they ensured wine-making production spread throughout their Empire. Wondrich suspected that such drinks represented a British precursor to the modern American cocktail. He investigated for his next book, Punch: The Delights and Dangers of the Flowing Bowl , due out this fall, and his suspicions were confirmed. Wondrich found further accounts, from around the same time, of other barmen in England serving up proto-cocktails like sweetened gin mixed with bitters.
Hix is attracting considerable attention for its revival of these drinks, which accompany its oddly trendy adaptations of ancient English fare, like pollack fingers on mushy peas.
These were rich and complicated drinks, and I think they could prove popular on this side of the Atlantic. Or, possibly, not. Root Beer. Blood Orange. Suggestions Clear Search Results. Close Menu Would you like to change your language? Please choose your language: English French German. Would you like to change location? Please choose your location. Michel and Virginia R.
Badler first made headlines with the discovery of what was then the earliest known chemical evidence of wine, dating to ca. Biers and P. That finding was followed up by the earliest chemically confirmed barley beer in , inside another vessel from the same room at Godin Tepe that housed the wine jars.
In , chemical testing confirmed resinated wine inside two jars excavated by a Penn archaeological team at the Neolithic site of Hajji Firuz Tepe, Iran, dating to ca. McGovern also thanks the Institute of Archaeology in Beijing and Zhengzhou for logistical support and providing samples for analysis. Changsui Wang, chairperson of the Archaeometry program at the University of Science and Technology of China in Hefei Anhui Province was untiring in his enthusiasm for the project, and personally accompanied Dr.
McGovern on travels to excavations and institutes, where collaborations and meetings with key scientists and archaeologists were arranged. Online Collections. Patrick McGovern Dr. Gretchen R. Hall, Penn Museum Dr.
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